What is a liver abscess? What are the clinical manifestations, causes, examinations, and treatments for liver abscess?

What is a liver abscess? What are the clinical manifestations, causes, examinations, and treatments for liver abscess?

What is a liver abscess? What are the clinical manifestations, causes, examinations, and treatments for liver abscess?

Liver abscess
Liver abscess is a liver purulent lesion caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi or amoeba, and if it is not actively treated, the mortality rate can be as high as 10% to 30%. The liver has a rich pipeline system, including the biliary system, portal system, hepatic arteriovenous system and lymphatic system, which greatly increases the probability of microbial parasitism and infection. Liver abscesses are divided into three types, of which bacterial liver abscess is often a mixed infection caused by a variety of bacteria, about 80%, amebic liver abscess is about 10%, and fungal liver abscess is less than 10%.

Cause
The incidence of amebic liver abscess is closely related to amoebic colitis, and most of the abscess is single; bacterial bacterial invasion of bacterial liver abscess can be caused by direct spread of intra-abdominal infection, besides sepsis, or umbilical Infection through the umbilical blood vessels, the portal vein into the liver, biliary aphids can also be the cause of bacterial liver abscess. Common bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, and the like. In addition, in the case of open liver injury, the bacteria may cause liver abscess with the injury or direct invasion of the wound; the bacteria may also come from the ruptured small bile duct. There are some unexplained hepatic abscesses, called cryptogenic liver abscesses, which may be associated with occult lesions already present in the liver. When the body's resistance is weakened, the pathogenic bacteria multiply in the liver and a liver abscess occurs. It has been pointed out that 25% of cryptogenic liver abscesses are associated with diabetes.

What are the treatments for hepatitis B?

What are the treatments for hepatitis B?

What are the treatments for hepatitis B?

The treatment of hepatitis B mainly includes antiviral replication, improving immune function, protecting liver cells, promoting liver cell regeneration, and comprehensive treatments such as traditional Chinese medicine treatment, basic treatment and psychotherapy. Due to the easy recurrence of the disease and the persistent positive HBV replication index, the following methods can be used according to the situation:

Antiviral therapy
Antiviral therapy is an important measure for chronic HBV infection and persistently positive viral replication markers. At present, antiviral drugs are not very satisfactory. After application, HBV replication can be temporarily inhibited. After the drug is stopped, the inhibition disappears, and the original suppressed index returns to the original level. Some drugs work slower and take longer to see the effect. Because of the limited efficacy of antiviral drugs, and only when the virus replication is active, it is effective, so in recent years, the treatment of chronic hepatitis B tends to be combined to improve the efficacy.

What are the treatments for hepatitis A? What are the hazards of hepatitis A?

What are the treatments for hepatitis A? What are the hazards of hepatitis A?

What are the treatments for hepatitis A? What are the hazards of hepatitis A?

Hepatitis A treatment
Hepatitis A is an acute infectious disease with a self-limited course of disease. Except for a few particularly severe fulminant cases, all other cases have a good prognosis. The natural course of disease does not exceed 3 to 6 weeks. Simply give appropriate rest, nutrition and symptomatic supportive care to prevent secondary infections and other damage and quickly return to health.

• Inpatients with mild and moderate hepatitis A, if the family has appropriate medical conditions, they can stay at home and go to the clinic regularly. Those with severe disease, such as serum bilirubin more than 180μmol / L, serum ALT > 33400nmol / (S · L) or prolonged prothrombin time, or lack of family health conditions, should be hospitalized. After the intensive patient is hospitalized, the symptoms will be improved after the treatment, and the symptoms will basically disappear.
• Rest should be rested in the obvious period of hepatitis symptoms. During the recovery period, activities should be increased as appropriate, but overwork should be avoided. During the rest period, it is important to note that after each meal, rest in the flat, and it is strictly forbidden to take a walk after a meal. After being discharged from hospital, the inpatients should still go through full-time, half-off, and light work. Such a gradual transition period can be adjusted according to the patient's physical condition. Such a transitional phase is important to consolidate efficacy and prevent iteration.
• Diet should be properly controlled according to appetite, condition, stage of illness and appropriate nutritional status.

Hepatitis A harm

• Hepatitis A damage to the liver Most patients with acute viral hepatitis recover within 6 months, especially hepatitis A and hepatitis B. However, if it is acute severe hepatitis or acute severe hepatitis, the mortality rate is very high, up to 60%-70%, and even if it recovers, it often develops into cirrhosis. Hepatitis A has evolved into chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis is rare. However, about 15% of acute hepatitis B is converted into chronic hepatitis. A group of 1357 cases of acute hepatitis B were reported in China. After 2-10 years of follow-up, 16% and 2% of patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were found respectively, and about 0.6% of liver cancer occurred. The development of hepatitis C into chronic hepatitis is higher, about 26%-55%. It has been confirmed that some cirrhosis and liver cancer are evolved from hepatitis C. Therefore, hepatitis B and hepatitis C are very harmful, and a considerable number of patients have evolved from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
• Hepatitis A damage to other organs of the body It has been confirmed that hepatitis virus can invade other organs, such as hepatitis B virus markers can also be found in the kidney, pancreas, bone marrow, thyroid. Therefore, viral hepatitis is also a harmful, that is, complications of extrahepatic tissues, such as arthritis, glomerulitis, nodular polyarteritis, etc., less common are diabetes, fatty liver, aplastic anemia , polyneuritis, pleurisy, myocarditis and pericarditis. Extrahepatic complications occur more commonly in hepatitis B.
• The psychological damage of hepatitis A to patients with viral hepatitis not only harm the patient's body and even life, but also the psychological blow to the patient is also very heavy. Whether it is hepatitis patients or virus carriers, life, social, job hunting, and further studies will be seriously affected, thus changing the fate of a lifetime. Such examples are endless. Therefore, both hepatitis patients and virus carriers should be treated actively, proactively and thoroughly. They must not be taken lightly on hepatitis, nor can they be considered to be carried for life without disease.